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Did you know that Jeweller’s code

Objects derived from noble metals were usually marked with signs, so-called features. Their appearance on goldsmith’s products, their number and significance were related to regulations issued by craftsmen’s guilds, then also by city and state authorities. These small marks with numbers and symbols in various shapes, which often remind us of cavities, are an extremely valuable source of information about the artwork. It is possible to specify several types of symbols when recognizing their elements and functions.

Tags: jewellery silversmiths chalice Creative Commons licenses
Subjects: technics surprising
Torah shield

Rectangular, closed with a trifoliate arch, with the figures of Moses (on the left) and Aaron (on the right), and the Decalogue tables (in the middle), with the initial words of the commandments engraved in Hebrew. The figures of Moses and Aaron are flanked by spiral columns. On their plinths are Hebrew inscriptions marking the date: on the right plinth, תקס ("560"), on the left: לפק (“according to the abbreviated calculation”) [=1800]. In the three-leaf top, three openwork crowns with colourful glasses are attached.

Tags: multiculturalism religion judaica silversmiths 2D sacred art public domain
Subjects: multiculture religion sculpted
Technique: engraving chiselling inlaying casting
Material: silver colored glass
Welcoming goblet

Welcome cup was a decorative container for drinking beer in guild inns during important celebrations. Its Polish name wilkom comes from the German greeting willkommen [welcome]. Each newly arrived guest had to empty the cup filled with an alcoholic beverage in honour of the guild. The production of such cups developed in Germany in the 2nd half of the 16th century, and later spread throughout Europe.

Tags: vessel craft 3D guilds silversmiths public domain Germany
Subjects: city daily life at the table
Technique: engraving chiselling casting
Material: tin
Pitcher of the City Council of Tarnów

Among the memorabilia of the old town authorities stored in the collection of the Museum in Tarnów, a special place is occupied by a set of three identical tin jugs. These vessels were created in Gdańsk in 1639, probably in the workshop of the master Assmus Virian.

Tags: coat of arms vessel silversmiths 3D city disapearing trades public domain
Subjects: city at the table
Technique: engraving soldering rolling casting
Material: tin
A royal crown – a prop from the School of Fine Arts

A children’s crown, open-work, closed by two yokes, on the junction of which there is a sphere with a trace of a broken-off cross. The ring is decorated with eight fleurons: four with palmetto-ribbon patterns at the base of the yokes, and four leaf-like ones. The crown, on the other hand, is decorated with colourful glass imitations of gemstones of a cabochon cut and various faceted cuts.

Tags: public domain Virtual Małopolska craft Jan Matejko silversmiths 3D plus
Subjects: authority
Technique: forging inlaying casting cutting szlif kaboszonowy szlif fasetkowy
Material: brass colored glass
Set of twelve spoons with busts of the Apostles and the Szeliga and Przeginia coats of arms

The preserved Polish inventories dating back to the 16th and 17th centuries inform of a rather high number of silver and gold spoons being the property of the royal court, the Polish aristocracy, the nobility and the bourgeoisie.

Tags: ornamental techniques coat of arms silversmiths 3D saints tableware public domain
Subjects: religion at the table written
Technique: struck gilding chiselling casting
Material: silver
“Kaflak” table clock

Spring clocks, which were invented in the 15th century, have improved with time. Gradually they were constructed smaller and smaller, and at the beginning of the 16th century they were of such a size that they could be placed on the table. One of popular types of such clocks was a horizontal timer with a mechanism placed in a polygonal, flat casing with a horizontal disc on the top.

Tags: silversmiths Kraków time 3D guilds baroque public domain
Subjects: technics daily life at the table
Technique: gilding chiselling casting
Material: bronze steel silver colored glass
Torah crown

Six-arched, closed, covered with a canopy with a small crown and a bunch of flowers at the top. The profiled rim, decorated with two appliqué, openwork bands. The crown arches, alternated with figures of birds, are in the shape of lions standing on their hind legs with the front legs resting on narrow, flat bands in the form of a twig supporting the canopy with a drapery in the shape of leaves.

Tags: ornamental techniques multiculturalism synagogue religion judaica silversmiths 3D sacred art public domain
Subjects: multiculture religion
Technique: engraving gilding chiselling embossing casting
Material: silver
Counter for writing accessories of a city scribe

The counter of the City Council is a chest which served counsellors for storing the Mayor’s ring (stamp) and writing accessories (today a nib holder, an inkpot and a sand-box have been preserved) and perhaps other valuable documents and precious items belonging to the city.

Tags: ornamental techniques craft coat of arms Kraków silversmiths 3D 3D plus chest public domain
Subjects: authority city
Technique: chasing forging riveting
Material: wood velvet silver sheet
Jewish tin plate

This plate could have been used on the Sabbath or, more likely, during the Purim holiday celebrated in the month of Adar, which symbol is fish, used as an decoration motif in this exhibit. 

Tags: judaica vessel sabbath holy day 3D multiculturalism Jews silversmiths tableware public domain
Subjects: multiculture religion at the table
Technique: engraving
Material: tin sheet
Cup

It is one of the most magnificent Baroque, secular works of Polish goldsmithery preserved in the collection in the world. The scenes most emphasized on the goblet are connected with weaving. This was the main source of income for the residents of Leszno in the 17th century. Two of them illustrate everyday occupations – shearing and weaving, and the third one clearly has a allegorical meaning.

Tags: tableware vessel ornamental techniques silversmiths chalice baroque 3D public domain
Subjects: daily life at the table
Technique: chiselling forging casting
Material: silver
Mug with a cover

European goldsmithing between the 16th and the 18th century reached an unprecedented artistic and technical level, which was largely due to German masters operating mostly in the chief goldsmithing centre — Augsburg. Thanks to their mass production and high artistic class, goldsmith products from Augsburg soon dominated the markets of Central and Eastern Europe.

Tags: Sanguszko family sarmatism vessel silversmiths 3D baroque tableware 3D plus public domain
Subjects: daily life religion at the table
Technique: engraving gilding chasing forging soldering casting
Material: silver
Jewish wedding ring

The ring was purchased for the museum collection in 1998 in one of the antique shops in Sącz. According to the owner of the shop, the ring was found among other objects hidden in one of the houses in Nowy Sącz during the war. The exhibit has a great historical value, as only a few similar objects could be found in Polish museum collections.

Tags: judaica marriage jewellery silversmiths Jews 3D multiculturalism customs 3D plus public domain
Subjects: multiculture daily life religion
Technique: engraving niello
Material: gold
Thurible/censer

Jan Branicki from Ruszcza, district governor of Niepołomice in the years 1585–1611, took particular care of church paraments (vestments, liturgical vessels and all accessories indispensable for celebrating liturgy and cult). He funded chasubles, dalmatics, copes, albs, thuribles or cruets for the church in Niepołomice while his wife Anna was a founder of altar cloths, a veil, a monstrance and a black veil for the altar used during the Great Lent.

Tags: Renaissance liturgy church 3D customs silversmiths baronage scent sacred art public domain
Subjects: religion
Technique: chasing chiselling cutting punching
Material: silver sheet
Silver fowler of The Fowler Brotherhood

The silver fowler of the Kraków Fowler Brotherhood is one of the most valuable objects in the Historical Museum of the City of Kraków. This is an example of the work of an outstanding goldsmith of Renaissance Kraków. Unfortunately, we do not know either the artist's name or the goldsmith's workshop responsible for the creation of the bird's sculpture. Very few of the marksmen's societies can boast of an original, well-preserved, cockrel of this type.

Tags: authority Kraków insignia silversmiths 3D audiodescription animals public domain
Subjects: authority city surprising
Technique: gilding forging enamel paint casting
Material: silver
Vessel in the shape of the Polish Eagle

At present, the tableware of the Polish royal court is known to us almost exclusively from archive materials. The majority of preserved single items or their designs come from Augsburg – the most important centre of the European goldsmithery in the 17th and 18th centuries. Among these items, the most outstanding is the state set of John Casimir Vasa.

Tags: manor house tableware vessel ornamental techniques silversmiths coat of arms 3D plus animals 3D public domain
Subjects: authority at the table
Technique: chiselling forging cutting
Material: silver
Golden mace of Hetman Stanisław Jabłonowski

The head is made of gold with six feathers fully covered with an engraved and chiselled floral ornament with niello petals, leaves and palmettes. At the end of the head there is a screwed-in pear-shaped pinnacle with embedded rubies and diamonds. When screwed out, it enables the feathers to protrude.

Tags: ornamental techniques military silversmiths baronage 2D authority army public domain
Subjects: authority war famous people
Technique: engraving gilding chiselling niello inlaying casting
Material: iron copper diamonds rubies gold ducats
Kiddush goblet

Kiddush translates from Hebrew as “sanctification.” The ceremony is celebrated at the beginning of the Sabbath and other holidays, by saying a special blessing over a cup of red sweet wine (or red grape juice).

Tags: judaica sabbath chalice 3D customs silversmiths tradition synagogue sacred art public domain
Subjects: multiculture daily life religion
Technique: engraving gilding
Material: silver
“Princely” grave from Jakuszowice near Kazimierza Wielka

The find is dated back to the 1st half of the 5th century (before 434). It is one of the most interesting pieces of proof of contact between the peoples inhabiting the area of southern Poland and the Huns in the 1st half of the 5th century. The grave was discovered by accident in 1911 while mining sand. The majority of the excavated objects were smuggled to Kraków over the then Russian-Austrian border.

Tags: excavations grave military jewellery authority craft 2D silversmiths public domain
Subjects: authority clothing excavated from the earth death
Technique: forging niello inlaying die cutting cutting
Material: leather silver gold iron gold sheet semi-precious stones almandine amber
Welcoming goblet of tailors' guild

The welcoming Goblet is one of Kraków's most valuable guild relics, preserved at the National Museum in Kraków. It was submitted to the museum on 19 September 1905, by the Association of Tailor's Companions, along with a collection of souvenirs belonging to the tailors' guild: a guild counter, a bell, a tray, and a crucifix.

Tags: silversmiths Kraków 3D guilds ornament craft rococo city public domain
Subjects: city daily life at the table
Technique: engraving chiselling forging casting
Material: silver
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Wejdź Między Muzea Małopolski

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The Małopolska's Virtual Museums project is co-funded by the European Union within the Małopolska Regional Operational Programme for the years 2007-2013 and the Małopolska Province, as the undertaking of the Department of Business Development of the Office of Małopolska Province Marshal and the Małopolska Institute of Culture in Kraków in cooperation with 35 museums from the Małopolska region.