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- Date of production 2nd half of the 18th century
- Dimensions height: 16.3 cm
- ID no. KGZ 3495
- Museum The Museum of Pharmacy at the Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków
- Subjects daily life, health
- Technique glass painting, gilding
- Material glass
- Object copyright The Museum of Pharmacy at the Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków
- Digital images copyright public domain
- Digitalisation RDW MIC, Małopolska's Virtual Museums project
- Tags health , disease , medicine , vessel , pharmacy , medicines , 3D , glass , storage , public domain
The vessel comes from the 2nd half of the 18th century and is made of colourless glass. There is a little white lettering piece on it with a signature in two-coloured majuscule: ESS. THERIACALIS (Essentia theriacalis) syn. Tinctura theriacalis. The medicine contained, among others, theriac.
more The vessel comes from the 2nd half of the 18th century and is made of colourless glass. There is a little white lettering piece on it with a signature in two-coloured majuscule: ESS. THERIACALIS (Essentia theriacalis) syn. Tinctura theriacalis. The medicine contained, among others, theriac.
Theriac (Latin: theriaca, Greek: theriake) is one of the oldest compound medicines, which was said and written to be a universal antidote. Its name comes from the Greek word therion, denoting a poisonous animal, especially a viper, the dried and powdered flesh of which was the main component of the medicine. Apart from that, theriac also contained sea onion (Scilla maritima), liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root juice, Costus arabicus bark, long pepper (Piper longum), Radix spicae indicae root, myrrh, aloes, gum arabic, turpentine, honey, wine and opium. In modern times, the number of theriac components reached 90 (according to some, including Wirtemberg Pharmacopeia, 1741).
Elaborated by the Museum of Pharmacy at the Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, © all rights reserved
Miss Pharmacist and pharmacy rooms at manor courts
All the medications that nowadays fill the surface of the drawer, formerly occupied an entire room. At the manors, these “first aid kits” contained natural ingredients, spices, liqueurs, vodkas, home-made brews and preserves.
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All the medications that nowadays fill the surface of the drawer, formerly occupied an entire room. At the manors, these “first aid kits” contained natural ingredients, spices, liqueurs, vodkas, home-made brews and preserves. Zygmunt Gloger, analysing the contents of the pharmacy rooms in the Old Polish Encyclopaedia , wrote:
“What – there was no rural pharmacy: the fat of various animals as medicines, dry reptiles, several dozen species of dried herbs, starting from linden flower, chamomile and mint, and ending with various dried fruits and rootlets. We did not forget about the March water from melted snow, which was thought to maintain a beautiful complexion for the fairer sex, and about rose water, which was sprinkled on the floor to lend rooms a pleasant aroma. Water for washing the face was also prepared from cucumbers. Only homemade vinegars were used: raspberry, relish, spinach, currant, barberry etc.”.
A well-stocked first-aid kit was particularly important in places far from the town, where the medic could not reach quickly enough.
Completing and supplementing its content was the housekeeper’s duty. Often, in the manors, the first aid kit was prepared by Mrs. Pharmacist – a poor relative who had no family of her own (this term even became a synonym for an old maid). As Glogger wrote:
“She had everything under her key, she kept everything and watched over the supply with everything, sometimes walking alone with the village girls to collect herbs”.
She was the one who gave first aid in emergency situations not only to the residents of the manor, but also to the surrounding villages.
The atmosphere of an old pharmacy, not only domestic ones, can be enjoyed while visiting the Museum of Pharmacy in Krakow, where an old herb dryer was restored in the attic.
We can find out how varied first-aid kits once were by browsing “the Tibetan Pharmacy” – a manuscript and a set of medicines.
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Elaborated by: Editorial Team of Malopolska’s Virtual Museums,
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Poland License.
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