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Wirtualne Muzea Małopolski

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Did you know that Garbage dropped at the neighbours’ door – the Christmas Eve customs of Cracovians

According to Seweryn Udziela, Cracovians celebrated certain activities on Christmas Eve, believing that they would bring them prosperity in the coming year...

Tags: tradition The Seweryn Udziela Ethnographic Museum in Kraków Cracovians Christmas Creative Commons licenses
Kraków nativity scene by Roman Sochacki

An average-sized nativity scene in Kraków — illuminated, mechanical, three-levelled, five-towered, with 23 wooden painted figures. In the recess, on a round platform the figures of carol singers are spinning around (death, Herod, a soldier, a Jew, an angel, a devil), entering and exiting through decorated portals; in the centre there is a Christmas tree against a stained-glass window; in the foreground is a group of Lajkonik, raftsmen with maces, and a band of Mlaskots (musicians from Zwierzyniec who accompanied Lajkonik, playing the drums, the violin and the bass).

Tags: Kraków nativity scene 3D Christmas carol © all rights reserved
Subjects: religion theatre
Material: cardboard tinfoil
Nativity scene with figures

The exhibited Krakow-style nativity scene was made by the inhabitants of Dobczyce and donated to the Regional Museum in Dobczyce by the local firefighters.

Tags: nativity scene puppets 2D Christmas carol public domain
Subjects: religion theatre rural areas
Material: wood paper cardboard
Kraków nativity scene by Maciej Moszew

Maciej Moszew is the author of the nativity scene presented. He has been participating in the Kraków Nativity Play Competition continuously since 1961. Mr. Moszew, a resident of Kraków by birth and by passion, began his adventure with nativity scenes at the age of six. He is an architect by profession, which is reflected in his works, but his real passion, which can happily be described in the case of Maciej Moszew also as a profession, is constructing nativity scenes.

Tags: Kraków nativity scene 3D Christmas carol © all rights reserved
Subjects: city religion theatre entertainment
Material: cardboard tinfoil
Nativity Scene by Franciszek Zięba

This puppet nativity scene made by the carpenter Franciszek Zięba in 1935 is the first exhibit donated to the Museum – the Vistula Ethnographic Park in Wygiełzów and the Lipowiec Castle. The base of the nativity scene is adapted to the needs of puppet theatre.

Tags: folk art nativity scene theater puppets 3D Christmas public domain
Subjects: religion theatre rural areas
Material: wood paper fabric
Did you know that Superstitions and Christmas customs of the Cracovians

On the one hand, religious, on the other hand extremely superstitious and eager to be protected against the interference of supernatural forces, not necessarily those of divine provenance.

Tags: holy day tradition The Seweryn Udziela Ethnographic Museum in Kraków Cracovians Christmas Creative Commons licenses
Did you know that On carolling and the ritual of exchanging New Year's greetings

Carolling is more than just, as is commonly believed today, singing songs about Christmas. It is a ceremonial exchange of New Year’s greetings having a ancient, often pre-Christian tradition. Carollers are boys or young men who wander around during the Christmas season, which is usually from the second day of Christmas, St. Stephen’s Day (26th of December) to the Epiphany (6th of January), and sometimes even to Candlemas (2nd of February). They wander from one house to another, sing carols and enact scenes using a variety of costumes and carollers’ decorations (a star, a nativity scene), as well as exchanging New Year’s greetings.

Tags: costume clothing tradition Christmas carol customs © all rights reserved
Kraków nativity scene by Marian Dłużniewski

Kraków nativity scene, small, illuminated, not mechanical, multi-towered. The Holy Family is in the middle, set against the altar. On the right is a figure of a Kraków resident with a nativity scene, on the left is a figure of a highlander with a star. Above, in the recess (a kind of a side-altar), a figure of Christ (like from a contemporary painting), on the right a figure of a nun (St. Faustina).

Tags: Kraków nativity scene passion 3D Christmas carol Christ © all rights reserved
Subjects: city religion theatre entertainment
Material: cardboard tinfoil
Wooden sculpture “Highlander”

Full wooden sculpture depicting a man’s figure dressed in a folk outfit similar to outfits worn by Podhale highlanders in the 2nd half of the 19th century. It was purchased for the Tatra Museum’s collection in the 1990s. There is no information about its author, place, or time of completion.

Tags: sculpture The Podhale highlanders clothing 3D folk costume nativity scene Christmas puppets 3D plus
Subjects: multiculture rural areas sculpted mountain
Technique: sculpture polychrome
Material: linden wood spruce oil paint
Nativity scene from Wieliczka

A model of a puppet nativity scene, symmetrical, with two storeys and five towers, provided with carrying handles on its sides. The entire structure is made of wood, the base and the upper floor of boards, and the frame from strips of wood. The walls are made of cardboard; the ground floor is covered with red paper with “bricks” painted with black ink and the walls of the upper floor and towers are covered with paper cut-outs in the shape of windows and star ornaments. The floors are separated with a decoration of horizontal, multicoloured stripes with silver teeth on the sides.

Tags: Kraków tradition puppets theater nativity scene Christmas carol 2D Wieliczka public domain
Subjects: religion theatre rural areas entertainment
Technique: painting print bonding
Material: wood metal cardboard tinfoil paper rye stearin
Puppets from the “Zielony Balonik” (“Green Balloon”) nativity play — Juliusz Leo

On 8 October 1905 in Cukiernia Lwowska Jana Michalika (a Lviv Confectionery run by Jan Michalik) the first performance of the Green Balloon cabaret was staged. The name of the cabaret arose by accident. After one of the meetings of ”the painter’s table”, where the idea of the cabaret originated, the artists saw a boy with a bunch of green balloons on Floriańska Street and then someone said:
“That is our name: «Green Balloon»!”.

Tags: actor Young Poland mask 3D Christmas cabaret 3D plus © all rights reserved
Subjects: theatre entertainment famous people body
Technique: polychrome casting
Material: gypsum
Puppets from the “Zielony Balonik” (“Green Balloon”) nativity play — Jacek Malczewski

On 8 October 1905 in Cukiernia Lwowska Jana Michalika [a Lviv Confectionery run by Jan Michalik] the first performance of the Green Balloon cabaret was staged. The name of the cabaret arose by accident. After one of the meetings of ”the painter’s table”, where the idea of the cabaret originated, the artists saw a boy with a bunch of green balloons on Floriańska Street and then someone said:
“That is our name: «Green Balloon»!”.

Tags: Jacek Malczewski actor Young Poland mask 3D Christmas cabaret 3D plus puppets © all rights reserved
Subjects: theatre entertainment famous people body
Technique: sculpture casting
Material: gypsum
“Turoń” (the type of horned creature) from Stary Sącz

Turoń (horned creature), or actually the head of one, i.e. a head of an animal with ears and horns made of several hefty pieces of wood nailed together and mounted on a stick. Originating from Stary Sącz (1908), this Turoń head, just like other similar exhibits from the very beginning of the Ethnographic Museum in Kraków, has been shown at the permanent exhibition in the form it was used in, i.e. as a part of an animal monster, a disguise of a member of a group of carollers.

Tags: tradition puppets folk art customs nativity scene Christmas carol 3D animals 3D plus public domain
Subjects: clothing rural areas entertainment
Technique: painting forging sewing tanning
Material: wood leather plywood bone cloth colored glass paint cow ears and horns iron wire thread
Puppets from the “Zielony Balonik” (“Green Balloon”) nativity play — Jacek Malczewski

A funny puppet representing Jacek Malczewski in a caricatural character of Jacek Symbolewski was purchased for the collection of the Historical Museum of the City of Kraków in 1962. It makes a valuable reminder related with the Young Poland cabaret called Zielony Balonik [Green Balloon] operating in the period from 1905 to 1912 on Floriańska Street in Kraków in the Cukiernia Lwowska [Lviv Confectionery] opened by Jan Apolinary Michalik and hence called Jama Michalika [Michalik’s Den].

Tags: nativity scene Jacek Malczewski theater cabaret 3D Christmas 3D plus audiodescription Young Poland puppets public domain
Subjects: theatre entertainment famous people
Technique: silver-plating sculpture sewing polychrome
Material: gypsum cardboard cloth hemp rope
Did you know that Nativity scene – satirical scene

The Nativity scene, which, over time, started to adopt the form of a theatrical show, was accompanied by dialogues and singing. It was expanded by proscenium. People hidden under its floor animated the dolls, which bowed their heads to the Infant Jesus. The use of this quasi-theatrical formula during the holiday celebration was supposed to enrich the message, which, from the form of simply reading the text of the Holy Bible — most often during the liturgy — was transformed into presenting the events from the life of Christ before the audience of his followers. However, the Christmas pageant gradually started to laicize: there were more people taking part in the drama, and many scenes of secular nature were introduced. On the basis of the religious content, entertaining episodes (comedy).

Tags: Kraków tradition nativity scene puppets Young Poland theater Christianity Christmas carol liturgy cabaret Creative Commons licenses
Subjects: religion theatre
Did you know that What is the origin of the Christmas nativity scene tradition?

The tradition of Polish Christmas nativity scenes has its roots in Italian nativity plays, which were brought to our land by the Franciscan Order. Initially, they were organised in the side altars of churches, and comprised figures of Baby Jesus, Mary, Saint Joseph, the shepherds and the Three Kings...

Tags: Kraków The Historical Museum of the City of Kraków The Dr. Tytus Chałubiński Tatra Museum in Zakopane The National Museum in Kraków tradition nativity scene Cracovians Christmas highlanders Jacek Malczewski © all rights reserved
Subjects: city daily life theatre rural areas
Blogs Entry Święta, święta i...
Tags: carol Creative Commons licenses nativity scene Christmas
Blogs Entry Wielkie święto krakowskiego szopkarstwa
Tags: architecture Christmas Christianity Błąd nazwy Błąd nazwy
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The Małopolska's Virtual Museums project is co-funded by the European Union within the Małopolska Regional Operational Programme for the years 2007-2013 and the Małopolska Province, as the undertaking of the Department of Business Development of the Office of Małopolska Province Marshal and the Małopolska Institute of Culture in Kraków in cooperation with 35 museums from the Małopolska region.